Road maintenance is a critical civil engineering discipline focused on preserving the functional integrity of transportation networks. According to Garber and Hoel, the primary objective of pavement maintenance is to extend the service life of the road, ensure safety for the traveling public, and maintain the structural capacity required for modern traffic loads.

Effective maintenance programs are categorized into routine, periodic, and emergency operations. Routine maintenance includes activities such as pothole patching, crack sealing, and drainage clearing, which are performed on a regular basis to prevent premature deterioration.